a) proper alignments:
| 2) | depth - elbow extended directly backward |
| 3) | width - directly behind |
| A) | directly in-line (horizontally) with elbow |
| B) | standard fist formation (chamber rotation) |
| 2) | elbow - bent (to form Compact Unit) |
| 4) | upper body / hips - Horse rotation |
| 5) | legs / feet - Horse rotation |
| iii) | Point of Contact - tip of elbow |
b) proper formation - weapon (elbow):
| i) | elbow - bent (to form Compact Unit) |
c) execution:
| i) | Method of Execution - Hammering |
| ii) | execute directly backward to target |
| 1) | improper speeds / methods: |
| A) | executed too slow (transforms into push with elbow) |
| B) | executed too fast (stance rotation unable to keep up with strike) |
| C) | executed too tense (unable to achieve proper 'snap' of strike) (strike looks 'pushed') |
| D) | strike not tensed at Point of Contact (improper timing / never tensed) |
| 2) | improper alignments / angles: |
| A) | elbow under bent (no Compact Unit) |
| B) | hand not directly in-line with elbow (too high / low) |
Comments
a) Common alignment errors:
| i) | leaning (to create more power) |
| ii) | hand not vertically aligned with elbow (bad vertical alignment) |
| iii) | hand not rotated vertically (like chambered position) |
b) Common execution errors:

Example of a proper backward elbow (right)

Example of proper backward elbow formation

Example of improper backward elbow formation
elbow not properly bent (no Compact Unit),
improper hand rotation

Examples of improper backward elbow execution
improper width - wide / narrow,
height - high / low,
shrugged shoulders,
not fully extended