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a) improper alignments:

i) not executed at chest level

ii) not extended to proper depth:

1) punching arm not fully extended

2) elbow hyper-extended

iii) wrist bent improperly:

1) not punching with the first two knuckles of fist (horizontal bend)

2) wrist bent too much (vertical bend)

3) wrist bent not enough (vertical bend)

iv) improper stance (see Stance Errors section) (see examples below)

v) improper rotation

1) fist not rotated to be parallel with ground

 

b) improper formation of fist:

i) thumb

1) not wrapped over bottom of fingers (for standard punch)

2) not pressed tightly again rest of fist (punch variation - aka "sun" fist)

3) tucked under index finger

ii) fingers

1) not fully bent (aka not creating Compact Unit)

2) not all finger bent properly

 

c) improper execution:

i) executed with elbow not contouring own body (aka "chicken winging")

ii) executed not directly to target (arching line of travel)

iii) execution not at proper speeds / methods

1) executed too slow (transforms into push with knuckles)

2) executed too fast (body unable to keep up with strike)

3) executed too tense (unable to achieve proper 'snap' of strike) (strike looks 'pushed' out)

4) strike not tensed at Point of Contact (improper timing / never)

 

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